Klingstone cures to an inert, plastic–like substance when it penetrates the soil base of the bunker cavity. It is a low viscosity, single component (no mixing) liquid which penetrates soils and binds them together. This application method keeps native soil particles from migrating into bunker sand or drainage systems.

• Prevents contamination of bunker sand from below
• Facilitates drainage
• Prevents erosion of bunker faces and resultant contamination
• Maintains integrity of bunker drainage systems

• Lowers routine bunker maintenance costs going forward- no clogged or slow drains, therefore no Ground Under Repair or sand replacement due to the dreaded post storm “Brown Ring” in the low spot of the bunker. Sand displaced in a weather event stays clean and is easily moved to its proper location in the bunker. 

• Klingstone lasts a LONG time – we don’t even know how long a good application will last. Our first installation in Minnesota was applied in 1999 and still looks new. Ask for references. 

• In–house personnel can easily renovate bunkers as time and budget permits by treating bunkers with Klingstone a few holes per year, superintendents can keep these projects in house, keep annual renovation costs reasonable, and, best of all, not need to start again on the first three holes when the last three are complete – which will likely be the case with fabric liners! 

Klingstone is sprayed directly onto the subgrade of your bunker using a regular 50 foot 5/8″ garden hose and a $5 multi-spray nozzle. Add (or leave) approximately 1/2″ of sand evenly to the bunker base prior to application to ensure good penetration. This saturated sand layer will effectively become the hard plastic/sand liner, bound to the subsoil below. The process is not a lot more complex than thoroughly watering the bunker cavity. the product is transported to the bunkers in 50 gallon drums via utility vehicle; there, an air driven transfer pump is placed into the drum. Wear old boots, spray gloves and mask (or respirator). Connect the hose and a portable compressor, and begin spraying. After preparation of the subgrade, a 1000 square foot bunker can easily be completed by a 2 man team in around 30 minutes of actual spray/installation time. Scatter a light 1/4 to 1/2″ layer of sand over the product, and let it set up for an hour or two before installing the new sand from the perimeter of the bunker. No fabrics to cut, seams to match, staples to pound, or wasted materials. The product will be fully cured and the bunker(s) back in play within 24 hours.  

We don’t know yet. The liquid product penetrates the base soils producing an inert plastic (permanent) barrier. The polyurethane (plastic)  in the soil will not break down over time unless exposed to direct UV light for prolonged periods, unlikely when covered with sand. Our oldest installation is in Minnesota and going strong since 1999, despite the severe climate. The fact that Klingstone is a polyurethane based polymer rather than a water based one accounts for the tremendous longevity associated with Klingstone. 

Contact us for current pricing per 50 gallon drum. Most soils require a gallon of Klingstone for every 20 square feet of subgrade, or 1000 sf per 50 gallon drum. Again, a 2-man spray team can easily treat a typical 1,000 sf bunker in roughly 30 minutes with Klingstone. Using hired outside installers should add only 20-25% to the cost of the installed product, depending on local labor rates. When Klingstone’s longevity and superior performance is taken into account, the long-term value and annualized cost of Klingstone is extremely attractive relative to competing systems – the “Economic Man” you learned about in Econ 101 would buy Klingstone every time because it is the best value as defined by the best performance over the longest period of time. 

A portable compressor that can generate 8 to 10 CFM when spraying at ~50 psi will be adequate to avoid running out of air periodically during application. 

No, and neither will anything else. The force of gravity will not be defeated. So, the question becomes, “What lining system will allow my crew to get bunkers back in play the fastest?” Klingstone, because there will be no mud or soil fines in the sand from eroded faces, and it is much easier to push sand up a Klingstone treated slope with a rake than is the case with a fabric or porous hard coat lined surface.  

Klingstone maintains the integrity of your bunker drainage system by eliminating soil contamination of the sand, and preventing any soil fines from migrating into the drain lines – no more silted up, slow, or clogged drains. Rain or irrigation water runs through the clean sand, hits the Klingstone sublayer, then runs across it quickly into the drain lines. Standing water in bunkers is a thing of the past, as are eroded slopes and the resultant contamination of your sand. 

Do not apply to frozen ground – ideally the soil and ambient temperature should be a minimum 50°F degrees and rising. 

Do not apply in windy conditions as drift is undesirable. 

Do not apply to saturated or tight clay soils (scarify clay first). Klingstone is a soil penetrant as well as a soil binder. If the pore space of the soil is full of water, the Klingstone cannot penetrate and will sit on top of the soil which is not a proper application. Wait for soil to be dry/scored enough for Klingstone to penetrate the top 3/8″ to 1/2″ of soil. 

HOWEVER: A certain amount of moisture in the soil/atmosphere is necessary for the Klingstone to fully cure. If you are dealing with severe drought and/or desert type conditions, water the cavity lightly in the afternoon before application. 

Temperature of product in the drum should be 50°F or warmer. it begins to thicken under 65°F. If the product gets cold, heat it to 65°F or higher with direct sunlight or indoor storage. Thicker resin can lead to slower pumping, added labor cost, and more strain on your application pump. 

Do not apply if rain is expected within a few hours after application. 

Sand can be placed in the bunker immediately after application if necessary, though a light dusting of sand over the Klingstone and 1-2 hours of setup time is optimal before walking on the new installation. The weight of the new sand on top of the new liner will help the product cure and help prevent any bubbling from heat or water vapor trying to escape up from the subsoil. The product will be fully cured and the bunkers back in play within 24 hours. 

• Textile liners can be slightly cheaper to install. However, they generally fail over time – making them substantially more expensive in the longer term. Grooming equipment tines can catch and tear the fabrics, causing unsightly (and dangerous) tufts of fabric to stick up through the sand. Additionally, mechanical staples can lose their hold, especially in sandy or loamy soils, causing the fabric to separate from the subgrade. These tears and loose fabrics also allow contamination of the sand and drainage systems from the subgrade over time, and ultimately require renovation of the entire bunker (again!). As the wise man said, “You buy cheap, you buy twice!” 
  

• Cement or concrete based products crack, break into chunks, and disintegrate from weather–related soil expansion and contraction. Repeated rains and irrigation water introduced into the substrate by the design of these liners also allows erosion in the subsoil, ultimately creating voids which allow the liner to buckle and fail when weight is introduced from above. Klingstone is a plastic, not a concrete – Klingstone is hard to a rap from the knuckles, but will yield slightly to a fingertip. Therefore, Klingstone moves with the soil rather than fighting it. We have many satisfied customers in Michigan, Minnesota, Ontario, etc.  
  

• Klingstone is the only bunker liner that seals off the bunker substrate, eliminating contamination of the sand and drainage systems. We know of no other system that protects the integrity of your drainage the way Klingstone does…that means faster running drains, faster drying of the sand, and faster to get them back in play.

Yes. It can be broken up with a sledge and disposed of as non-hazardous material. The base is strong but relatively thin, generally no more than one half inch thick.

Yes. In addition to our normal pre-application phone training, we can visit your course to consult, train, and monitor installation. Ask us for details!

Yes, we manufacture a higher viscosity product for crushed stone cart paths, walkways, and other areas where aggregate is needed…www.klingstonepaths.com

And, our sister company Mountain Grout distributes high tech epoxy and polyurethane water control solutions which have been used at the White House and elsewhere!…www.mountaingrout.com